The India–Pakistan cricket rivalry is one of the most intense sports rivalries in the world. An India-Pakistan cricket match has been estimated to attract up to three hundred million television viewers according to TV ratings firm initiative, and defeat is usually unacceptable to fans of both teams.
The arch rival realation betweem the two states, resulting from the extensive communal violence and conflict that marked the partition of India in 1947 and the independence of Pakistan, laid the foundations for the emergence of an intense sporting rivalry between the two nations who had erstwhile shared a common cricketing heritage. The first Test series took place in 1951-52, when Pakistan toured India. India toured Pakistan for the first time in 1954-55. Between 1962–77, no cricket was played between the two countries owing totwo major wars in 1965 and 1977. The 1999 Kargil Dispute and 2008 Mumbai terrorist attack have led to as yet shorter breaks in cricketing ties.
The growth of large expatriate populations from India and Pakistan across the world led to neutral states like the United Arab Emirates and Canada hosting several bilateral and multi-lateral ODI series involving the two teams. Players in both teams routinely face intense pressure to win.Extreme fan reactions to defeats in key matches such as in the ICC Cricket World Cup have been recorded, with a limited degree of violence and public disturbances. At the same time, India-Pakistan cricket matches have also offered opportunities for cricket diplomacy as a means to improve relations between the two countries by allowing heads of state to exchange visits and cricket followers from either country to travel to the other to watch the matches. The cricketing rivalry, after suspension of bilateral cricketing ties some five years back, is again to commence in December 2012 with the BCCI hosting three ODIs in India.Pakistan wants BCCI agree to sharing of revenue generated from the matches. The stand of BCCI on revenue sharing is not clear yet. Pakistan Cricket Team's ex-captain, Moin Khan, said that cricket has always reduced the bilateral tensions between the two countries.
The first ever test match between India and Pakistan was played at Delhi from 16–19 October 1952. It was a four day test, India required just three days to beat Pakistan by an inning and 70 runs. India won the 5-match series 2–1 and then, the following 10 tests were draws. Pakistan's first series win against India came after 26 years, in the 1978–79 series.
In the late 1980s & 90s, the Indian and Pakistani cricket teams played each other in non-Test-playing nations venues such as Canada (Toronto) and the United Arab Emirates (Sharjah). The series between the teams in Canada in the 1990s and early 2000s were officially known as the "Friendship Cup".
Pakistan leads India in the number of wins in Tests (12–9) and One Day Internationals (69–47). Although India has won on every occasion the two teams have met in a world cup and has unbeaten record against Pakistan in the T20 world cup Internationals (1–0) and in cricket world Cup matches (5–0). Pakistan has an unbeaten record against India in Champions Trophy matches (2-0). Furthermore Pakistan has an unbeaten record against India in Asian test championship matches (1-0).
In early 2009, India was scheduled to begin a tour of Pakistan from 13 January to 19 February 2009, but was cancelled because of the tension existing between the two countries after the 2008 Mumbai terrorist attacks, in November 2008.
The cricketing ice finally broke down in July 2012 when BCCI invited the Pakistan national team to tour India for 3 ODIs and 2 T20s in December 2012. The three ODIs will be held in New Delhi, Kolkata and Chennai with Ahmedabad and Bangalore getting to host the two Twenty20 fixtures.
Cricketing History
Overall
| Tests | ODIs[ | T20Is[ | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Matches played | 59 | 121 | 2 |
| Won by India | 9 | 48 | 1 |
| Won by Pakistan | 12 | 69 | 0 |
| Draw/Tie/No result | 38 | 4 | 1 |
Tournaments
| Main Championship Titles | India | Pakistan |
|---|---|---|
| World Cup | 2 | 1 |
| ICC Champions Trophy | 1* | 0 |
| ICC World Twenty20 | 1 | 1 |
| Asia Cup† | 5 | 2 |
ODI Series
| Series | Years | Host | First match | ODIs | IND | PAK | Tie/No Result | Winner |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1978–79 | Pakistan | 1 October 1978 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | Pakistan |
| 2 | 1982–83 | Pakistan | 3 December 1982 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 0 | Pakistan |
| 3 | 1983–84 | India | 10 September 1983 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | India |
| 4 | 1984–85 | Pakistan | 12 October 1984 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | Pakistan |
| 5 | 1986–87 | India | 27 January 1987 | 6 | 1 | 5 | 0 | Pakistan |
| 6 | 1989–90 | Pakistan | 16 December 1989 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 1 | Pakistan |
| 7 | 1996 | Canada | 16 September 1996 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 0 | Pakistan |
| 8 | 1997 | Canada | 13 September 1997 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 0 | India |
| 9 | 1997–98 | Pakistan | 28 September 1997 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | Pakistan |
| 10 | 1998 | Canada | 12 September 1998 | 5 | 1 | 4 | 0 | Pakistan |
| 11 | 2003–04 | Pakistan | 13 March 2004 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 0 | India |
| 12 | 2004–05 | India | 13 November 2004 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | Pakistan |
| 13 | 2004–05 | India | 2 April 2005 | 6 | 2 | 4 | 0 | Pakistan |
| 14 | 2005–06 | Pakistan | 6 February 2006 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 0 | India |
| 15 | 2005–06 | UAE | 18 April 2006 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | Drawn |
| 16 | 2007–08 | India | 5 November 2007 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 0 | India |
| 17 | 2012–13 | India | December 2012 | 3 | - | - | - | - |
| Total | India: 6
Pakistan: 7
Canada: 3 UAE: 1 | 65 | 26 | 34 | 2 | India: 5
Pakistan: 10
Draw: 1 |
TEST Series
| Series | Years | Host | First match | Tests | IND | PAK | Drawn/No Result | Winner |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1952–53 | India | 16 October 1952 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 2 | India |
| 2 | 1954–55 | Pakistan | 1 January 1955 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 5 | Drawn |
| 3 | 1960–61 | India | 2 December 1960 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 5 | Drawn |
| 4 | 1978–79 | Pakistan | 16 October 1978 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 1 | Pakistan |
| 5 | 1979–80 | India | 21 November 1979 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 4 | India |
| 6 | 1982–83 | Pakistan | 10 December 1982 | 6 | 0 | 3 | 3 | Pakistan |
| 7 | 1983–84 | India | 14 September 1983 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | Drawn |
| 8 | 1984–85 | Pakistan | 17 October 1984 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | Drawn |
| 9 | 1986–87 | India | 3 February 1987 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 4 | Pakistan |
| 10 | 1989–90 | Pakistan | 15 November 1989 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 | Drawn |
| 11 | 1998–99 | India | 28 January 1999 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | Drawn |
| 12 | 2003–04 | Pakistan | 28 March 2004 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | India |
| 13 | 2004–05 | India | 8 March 2005 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Draw |
| 14 | 2005–06 | Pakistan | 13 January 2006 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | Pakistan |
| 15 | 2007–08 | India | 22 November 2007 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | India |
| Total | India: 8
Pakistan: 7
| 58 | 9 | 11 | 38 | India: 4
Pakistan: 4
Draw: 7 |
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